AI depictions of psychiatric diagnoses: a preliminary study of generative image outputs in Midjourney V.6 and DALL-E 3
Matthew Flathers,
Griffin Smith,
Ellen Wagner,
Carl Erik Fisher,
John Torous
BMJ Mental Health
27(1):e301298
doi: 10.1136/bmjment-2024-301298
PMID: 39632121
Mindbench.ai: an actionable platform to evaluate the profile and performance of large language models in a mental healthcare context
Matthew Flathers,
Bridget Dwyer,
Akane Sano,
Allison Dempsey,
Andrea Cipriani,
Asim H. Gazi,
Bryce Hill,
Carla Gorban,
Carolyn I. Rodriguez,
Charles Stromeyer IV,
Darlene King,
Eden Rozenblit,
Gillian Strudwick,
Jake Linardon,
Jiaee Cheong,
Joseph Firth,
Julian Herpertz,
Julian Schwarz,
Khai Truong,
Margaret Emerson,
Martin P. Paulus,
Michelle Patriquin,
Yining Hua,
Soumya Choudhary,
Steven Siddals,
Laura Ospina Pinillos,
Jason Bantjes,
Steven Scheuller,
Xuhai Xu,
Ken Duckworth,
Daniel H. Gillison,
Michael Wood,
John Torous
NPP – Digital Psychiatry and Neuroscience
doi: 10.1038/s44277-025-00049-6
Contextualizing Clinical Benchmarks: A Tripartite Approach to Evaluating LLM-Based Tools in Mental Health Settings
Matthew Flathers,
Bridget Dwyer,
Eden Rozenblit,
John Torous
Journal of Psychiatric Practice
31(6):p 294-301
doi: 10.1097/PRA.0000000000000892
Governing AI in Mental Health: 50-State Legislative Review
J Nicholas Shumate,
Eden Rozenblit,
Matthew Flathers,
Carlos A Larrauri,
Christine Hau,
Winna Xia,
E Nicholas Torous,
John Torous
JMIR Mental Health
12:e80739
doi: 10.2196/80739
PMID: 41172342
Charting the evolution of artificial intelligence mental health chatbots from rule-based systems to large language models: a systematic review
Yining Hua,
Steve Siddals,
Zilin Ma,
Isaac Galatzer-Levy,
Winna Xia,
Christine Hau,
Hongbin Na,
Matthew Flathers,
Jake Linardon,
Cyrus Ayubcha,
John Torous
World Psychiatry
24(3)
doi: 10.1002/wps.21352
PMID: 40948070
Interpreting psychiatric digital phenotyping data with large language models: a preliminary analysis
Matthew Flathers,
Winna Xia,
Christine Hau,
Benjamin W. Nelson,
Jiaee Cheong,
James Burns,
John Torous
BMJ Mental Health
28(1):e301817
doi: 10.1136/bmjment-2025-301817
PMID: 40992790
Evaluating the performance of general purpose large language models in identifying human facial emotions
Benjamin W. Nelson,
Ari Winbush,
Steven Siddals,
Matthew Flathers,
Nicholas B. Allen,
John Torous
npj Digital Medicine
8(615)
doi: 10.1038/s41746-025-01985-5
Social Media Detox and Youth Mental Health
Elombe Calvert,
Maddalena Cipriani,
Bridget Dwyer,
Victoria Lisowski,
Jane Mikkelson,
Kelly Chen,
Matthew Flathers,
Christine Hau,
Winna Xia,
Juan Castillo,
Alex Dhima,
Sean Ryan,
John Torous
JAMA Network Open
8(11)
doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.45245
Transforming Digital Phenotyping Raw Data Into Actionable Biomarkers, Quality Metrics, and Data Visualizations Using Cortex Software Package: Tutorial
James Burns,
Kelly Chen,
Matthew Flathers,
Danielle Currey,
Natalia Macrynikola,
Aditya Vaidyam,
Carsten Langholm,
Ian Barnett,
Andrew (Jin Soon) Byun,
Erlend Lane,
John Torous
JMIR
26:e58502
doi: 10.2196/58502
PMID: 39178032
Towards clinical subtypes in schizophrenia: integrating cognitive, functional, and digital phenotyping assessments
Andrew (Jin Soo) Byun,
Erlend Lane,
Carsten Langholm,
Matthew Flathers,
Mei-Hua Hall,
John Torous
Molecular Psychiatry
30(4641–4650)
doi: 10.1038/s41380-025-03054-5
PMID: 40394283
Assessing Digital Phenotyping for App Recommendations and Sustained Engagement: Cohort Study
Bridget Dwyer,
Matthew Flathers,
James Burns,
Jane Mikkelson,
Elana Perlmutter,
Kelly Chen,
Nanik Ram,
John Torous
JMIR Formative Research
8:e62725
doi: 10.2196/62725
PMID: 39560976
Smartphone digital phenotyping in mental health disorders: A review of raw sensors utilized, machine learning processing pipelines, and derived behavioral features
Jake Linardon,
Kelly Chen,
Shruti Gajjar,
Amrik Eadara,
Shiwei Wang,
Matthew Flathers,
James Burns,
John Torous
Psychiatry Research
348:116483
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116483
PMID: 40187059